Differences

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--- amkpfm [2025/02/25 10:20] – pklapetek
+++ amkpfm [2025/02/25 10:26] (current) – pklapetek
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ====== AM KPFM ======
-Kelvin probe force Microscopy is based on minimization of the electrostatic force between conductive
+Kelvin probe force microscopy is based on minimization of the electrostatic force between conductive
 AFM probe and sample by applying a voltage that compensates contact potential difference.
 The simplest realisation is AM-KPFM where probe is kept out of the contact to the sample, AC voltage is applied on it and DC offset is used to minimized the mechanical oscillations caused by electrostatic forces at the AC voltage frequency. In Gwyscope we use the fast output 2, where the AC+DC signal is sent, together with lock-in 2 where the mechanical oscillations are detected.
-To set up the AM-KPFM operation with Gwyscope, it is necessary to mount a conductive probe into your microscope and to adjust the wiring so the AC+DC voltage from Gwyscope fast output 2 is applied between probe and sample. To get the right input to lock-in 2, the vertical probe deflection signal has to be connected to input 2 (at hwserver level), i.e typically the vertical deflection will be connected to both inputs 1 and 2. After these connections are done, set up the probe for tapping mode operation and establish the feedback. In KPFM tab in the main Gwyscope window, you can select "AM manual" or "AM KPFM", like shown here:
+To set up the hardware for AM-KPFM operation with Gwyscope, it is necessary to mount a conductive probe into your microscope and to adjust the wiring so the AC+DC voltage from Gwyscope fast output 2 is applied between probe and sample. To get the right input to lock-in 2, the vertical probe deflection signal has to be connected to input 2 (at hwserver level), i.e typically the vertical deflection will be connected to both inputs 1 and 2. After these connections are done, set up the probe for tapping mode operation and establish the feedback. In KPFM tab in the main Gwyscope window, you can select "AM manual" or "AM KPFM", like shown here:
 {{ :amkpfm_setup.png?direct&400 |}}
-AM KPFM is typically performed at the mechanical resonance frequency of the cantilever. That's why the frequency is automatically adopted from the tapping mode setup after it is selected and is helpful to set up the tapping mode first, as suggested above. The "AM manual" regime peforms the lock-in evaluation, however it does not run the KPFM feedback, therefore it is better for setting up the regime.
+AM KPFM is typically performed at the mechanical resonance frequency of the cantilever in dual pass regime: first the tapping mode measurement is done (in Gwyscope with lock-in 1), then, for the second pass, mechanical excitation is switched off and electrical measurement are done (in Gwyscope with lock-in 2).  Using this approach the resonance frequency can be used also for electrical measurements and in Gwyscope it therefore is automatically copied from the tapping mode setup as init value of KPFM frequency. The "AM manual" regime peforms the lock-in evaluation, however it does not run the KPFM feedback, therefore it is better for setting up the regime.
 After the "AM manual" regime is chosen and probe is brought to contact to the sample in tapping mode operation, KPFM setup window can be run and KPFM response, including various parameters can be tuned as shown below: